What are the 5 main components of Francis turbine?
A Francis Turbine consists of the 5 main parts those are:
- Spiral Casing.
- Stay Vanes.
- Guide Vanes.
- Runner Blades.
- Draft Tube.
What is Francis turbine in PDF?
Abstract. Francis turbine is an inward flow reaction turbine and used for medium heads. The turbine consists of: (1) Scroll casing which is case that contain the guide vanes and the runner. The purpose of the scroll casing is to prevent the eddies and to distribute the water uniformly over the guide vanes.
What is the application of Francis turbine?
Applications. Francis turbine is the most widely used turbine in hydro-power plants to generate electricity. Mixed flow turbine is also used in irrigation water pumping sets to pump water from ground for irrigation. It is efficient over a wide range of water head and flow rate.
What type of flow occurs in Francis turbine?
inward-flow reaction turbine
The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine. It is an inward-flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today, and can achieve over 95% efficiency.
What is maximum head of Francis turbine?
In a Francis turbine, the water enters radially to the impeller blades while exits axially. It is a combination of a reaction turbine and an impulse turbine. Mostly it uses in large or medium hydropower plants. These types of turbines can be used for heads from a maximum of 300 meters to a minimum of 2 meters.
What is the efficiency of Francis turbine?
Finally, the optimal scheme of the new Francis turbine was proven to have a high efficiency of 88% and good operation stability through testing of a physical model and can achieve the goal of harvesting renewable energy in the cooling tower.
What is Francis turbine explain?
The Francis turbine is a reaction turbine, which means that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves through the turbine, giving up its energy. The turbine is located between the high-pressure water source and the low-pressure water exit, usually at the base of a dam.
Why Francis turbine can be used as a pump?
When water flows to a lower elevation, the power plant generates electricity. When water is pumped to a higher elevation, the power plant creates a store of potential energy. Pumped storage plants use Francis turbines because they can act as both a hydraulic pump and hydraulic turbine.
What is blade angle in Francis turbine?
The inlet angle of runner blades of a Francis turbine is 90°. The blades are so shaped that the tangential component of velocity at blade outlet is zero.
What is flow ratio in Francis turbine?
The flow ratio of Francis turbine is defined as the ratio of the velocity of flow at the inlet to the theoretical jet velocity.
How does a pump turbine work?
Turbine pumps are dynamic pumps, meaning they utilize fluid momentum and velocity to generate pump pressure. Specifically, they are centrifugal pumps, which generate this velocity by using an impeller to apply centrifugal force to the moving liquid.
What is impulse turbine?
Definition of impulse turbine : a turbine in which the rotor is driven by fluid jets impinging directly against the blades — compare reaction turbine.
What is the working principle of a Francis turbine?
The working principle of a Francis turbine is elaborated, as below The water is entered into the spiral casing of the turbine, with very high pressure. The spiral casing has a decreasing diameter so that water pressure will be maintained at the uniform.
What is a draft tube used for in a Francis turbine?
A draft tube is used with expanding the area and recover the pressure. The performance and efficiency of the Francis turbine varies based on the design of the draft tube, design of runner blades, etc., Hydraulic efficiency is defined as the ratio of work done on the wheel to the water head supplied to the turbine.
How does blade angle affect the efficiency of Francis turbine?
In the Francis turbine, the blade angle is fixed and designed considering the best efficiency. But when the demand is reduced, water strikes at different angles which causes a swirl in the water flow or backflow or flow separation, and efficiency reduces drastically. Normally the turbine will be stable with small pressure fluctuations.
What is a Francis turbine sprinter?
The Francis Turbine Sprinter has curved blades. The structure of these blades is designed in such a way that water can penetrate radially into the Sprinter. If there is a problem with the current Francis turbine, the primary method is abandoned, but the Francis turbine’s simple old water goes in and out in a radial direction.