Is polysaccharide a condensation polymer?
Many simple sugars can combine by repeated condensation reactions until a very large molecule is formed. A polysaccharide is a complex carbohydrate polymer formed from the linkage of many monosaccharide monomers.
Are polysaccharides formed by condensation reactions?
Yes, they are all formed by condensation reactions, also known as dehydration syntheses, in which the removal of a water molecule between the biomolecules allows for the formation of a bond between the biomolecules.
What is a condensation reaction for polymers?
A condensation polymerization is a form of step-growth polymerization in which monomers and/or oligomers react with each other to form larger structural units while releasing smaller molecules as a byproduct such as water or methanol.
How is a polysaccharide a polymer formed?
A polysaccharide is a large molecule made of many smaller monosaccharides. Monosaccharides are simple sugars, like glucose. Special enzymes bind these small monomers together creating large sugar polymers, or polysaccharides.
Why is polysaccharide a polymer?
Polysaccharides are formed by the combination of a large number of monosaccharides through the glycosidic bond. These are high molecular weight polymers of monosaccharides. Most of the carbohydrates found in nature are polysaccharides.
What molecule is produced by a condensation reaction?
In a condensation reaction, two molecules or parts thereof combine, releasing a small molecule. When this small molecule is water, it is known as a dehydration reaction. Other possible lost molecules include hydrogen chloride, methanol, and acetic acid.
Why is it called a condensation reaction?
The addition of the two molecules typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and with loss of a water molecule (hence the name condensation).
What is condensation reaction also known as?
A condensation reaction is also known as a dehydration reaction. This type of reaction forms an addition product and water in the presence of a catalyst or under acidic or basic conditions. The opposite of a condensation reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.
What is a polysaccharide polymer?
Polysaccharides are polymers consisting of chains of monosaccharide or disaccharide units joined by glycosidic bonds with different number of C (e.g. six for a hexose such as glucose).
Is a polysaccharide a macromolecule?
Polysaccharide is a natural macromolecule located in the primary cell walls of plants. It was built from hundreds to thousands of monosaccharide combination through dehydration synthesis. Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are some examples of polysaccharides.
What is condensation polymerization?
In one type of polymerization reaction, a series of condensation steps takes place whereby monomers or monomer chains add to each other to form longer chains. This is termed “condensation polymerization,” or “step-growth polymerization,” and occurs in such processes as the synthesis of polyesters or nylons.
What is the degree of polymerization of a polysaccharide?
The number of monosaccharide units in a polysaccharide, which is termed its degree of polymerization (DP), varies with polysaccharide type. Only a few naturally occurring polysaccharides have DPs less than 100; most have DPs in the range 200–3000. The larger polysaccharides, like cellulose (Chapter 8), have DPs of 7000–15,000.
Are there any condensation reactions that can form high polymers?
There is a wide variety of condensation reactions that, in principle, can be used to form high polymers. However, high polymers can be obtained only in high-yield reactions, and this limitation severely restricts the number of condensation reactions having any practical importance.
What are synthetic condensation polymers?
These polymerizations often (but not always) occur with loss of a small byproduct, such as water, and generally (but not always) combine two different components in an alternating structure. The polyester Dacron and the polyamide Nylon 66, shown here, are two examples of synthetic condensation polymers, also known as step-growth polymers.