What is the chemical base of DNA?
DNA is a linear molecule composed of four types of smaller chemical molecules called nucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What is DNA describe its chemical structure?
Each strand of a DNA molecule is composed of a long chain of monomer nucleotides. The nucleotides of DNA consist of a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which is attached a phosphate group and one of four nitrogenous bases: two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine).
What elements are in DNA bases?
A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What is the structure of base?
Bases must have an unshared pair of electrons. The unshared pair of electrons is used to form a bond with the donated proton from the acid. The Lewis structure of ammonia (NH3, a common base), is shown below; notice the unshared electron pair on the nitrogen.
What chemicals are DNA made of?
The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same in all people.
What are the 3 chemical components of a DNA nucleotide?
Both deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are made up of nucleotides which consist of three parts:
- Nitrogenous Base. Purines and pyrimidines are the two categories of nitrogenous bases.
- Pentose Sugar. In DNA, the sugar is 2′-deoxyribose.
- Phosphate Group. A single phosphate group is PO43-.
What are the 3 structures of DNA?
Each strand of DNA is a polynucleotide composed of units called nucleotides. A nucleotide has three components: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What chemicals are the sides of the DNA ladder made of?
The sides of the ladder are made of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules. The sugar is deoxyribose. The rungs of the ladder are pairs of 4 types of nitrogen bases. Two of the bases are purines- adenine and guanine.
What are the 4 bases that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder?
The bases are known by their coded letters A,G,T,C. These bases always bond in a certain way. Adenine will only bond to thymine. Guanine will only bond with cytosine.
What molecules are bases?
Because the water molecule donates a hydrogen ion to the ammonia, it is the Brønsted-Lowry acid, while the ammonia molecule—which accepts the hydrogen ion—is the Brønsted-Lowry base. Thus, ammonia acts as a base in both the Arrhenius sense and the Brønsted-Lowry sense.