What are the causes of soil erosion PDF?

What are the causes of soil erosion PDF?

The main causes of soil erosion are overgrazing (35 percent), deforestation (30 percent) and agricultural activities (28 percent). Overgrazing causes degradation when the soil loses it fertility and sparse vegetation cover. The major factors affecting soil erosion are: 1.

What are the causes and effects of soil erosion?

Causes of Soil Erosion

• Rainfall and Flooding. Higher intensity of rainstorm is the main cause of soil erosion.
• Agriculture. The farming practices are the major cause of soil erosion.
• Grazing.
• Logging and Mining.
• Construction.
• Rivers and Streams.
• Heavy Winds.
• Loss of Arable Land.

What are the 5 effects of soil erosion?

Some of the greatest effects of soil erosion include:

1. Loss of Topsoil. Obviously, this is the biggest effect of soil erosion.
2. Soil Compaction.
3. Reduced Organic and Fertile Matter.
4. Poor Drainage.
5. Issues With Plant Reproduction.
6. Soil Acidity Levels.
7. Long Term Erosion.
8. Water Pollution.

What are the 5 causes of soil erosion and its effect to our environment?

Soil compaction, low organic matter, loss of soil structure, poor internal drainage, salinisation and soil acidity problems are other serious soil degradation conditions that can accelerate the soil erosion process.

What are the effects of erosion?

Water runoff is increased, and run off often carries pollutants with it which negatively impact the surrounding land. Other effects of erosion include increased flooding, increased sedimentation in rivers and streams, loss of soil nutrients’ and soil degradation, and, in extreme cases, desertification.

What are the effects of the erosion?

Impacts of erosion

• reduced ability of the soil to store water and nutrients.
• exposure of subsoil, which often has poor physical and chemical properties.
• higher rates of runoff, shedding water and nutrients otherwise used for crop growth.
• loss of newly planted crops.
• deposits of silt in low-lying areas.

What are 4 main causes of erosion?

Four Causes of Soil Erosion

• Water. Water is the most common cause of soil erosion.
• Wind. Wind can also make soil erode by displacing it.
• Ice. We don’t get much ice here in Lawrenceville, GA, but for those that do, the concept is the same as water.
• Gravity. Gravity is a primary culprit behind the three other causes.

What are the 3 major causes of soil erosion?

Different Soil Erosion Causes

• Sheet erosion by water;
• Wind erosion;
• Rill erosion – happens with heavy rains and usually creates smalls rills over hillsides;
• Gully erosion – when water runoff removes soil along drainage lines.
• Ephemeral erosion that occurs in natural depressions.

What are the main effects of erosion?

What are the effects of soil erosion on plants?

Soil erosion leads to degradation of soil structure leading to hard , compact and clodddy soil. This results in poor soil aeration. Water holding capacity and soil permeability are also decreased. Decreased aeration results in less oxygen availability for plant roots.

What are the four effects of erosion?

The Effects of Soil Erosion

• Pollution and Poor Water Quality.
• Mudslides and Structural Problems.
• Deforestation and Flooding.
• Soil Degradation.

What are the main causes of soil erosion?

Soil compaction, low organic matter, loss of soil structure, poor internal drainage, salinisation and soil acidity problems are other serious soil degradation conditions that can accelerate the soil erosion process. This Factsheet looks at the causes and effects of water, wind and tillage erosion on agricultural land.

What are the effects of water erosion on soil?

Effects of Water Erosion on site rich upper layers of the soil, and the reduced wa ter-holding capacity of many eroded soils. The matter can weaken the structure and even chang e the texture.

How does soil erosion affect soil organic carbon content?

The effects of soil erosion can be seen in the physical, chemical, and biological changes in the soil organic carbon content of soils. Besides, soil erosion negatively affects the soil’s organic carbon accumulation and reduces soil productivity. Soil samples were collected from three soybean (Glycine max L.) production fields in Illinois.

How does wind erosion affect soil fertility and crop yield?

Loss of topsoil by wind erosion over a relatively short time period can significantly decrease soil fertil ity and crop yield. 1. Soil Erodibility 2. Soil Surface Roughness 3. Climate (wind patterns, precipitation, frost action) 4. Unsheltered Distance 5. Vegetative Cover 6.