What are the two principles of justice by Rawls?
Rawls orders the principles of justice lexically, as follows: 1, 2b, 2a. The greatest equal liberty principle takes priority, followed by the equal opportunity principle and finally the difference principle.
What is the relation between the original position in Rawls and the state of nature in traditional social contract theory?
Ideally, this would force participants to select principles impartially and rationally. In Rawls’s theory the original position plays the same role that the “state of nature” does in the social contract tradition of Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke.
What is the equality principle according to Rawls?
“Each person has an equal right to a fully adequate scheme of equal basic liberties which is compatible with a similar scheme of liberties for all.”(291)
Is being nice a virtue?
Nice pretends to be a virtue, but kindness actually is. Nice harms us, and all of the people we interact with, more than it ever helps. We need kindness now more than ever.
How does one become virtuous according to Aristotle?
More explicitly, an action counts as virtuous, according to Aristotle, when one holds oneself in a stable equilibrium of the soul, in order to choose the action knowingly and for its own sake. This stable equilibrium of the soul is what constitutes character.
What are virtues to Aristotle?
For example, regarding what are the most important virtues, Aristotle proposed the following nine: wisdom; prudence; justice; fortitude; courage; liberality; magnificence; magnanimity; temperance.
What are the 12 virtues of Aristotle?
Aristotle’s 12 virtues:
- Courage – bravery.
- Temperance – moderation.
- Liberality – spending.
- Magnificence – charisma, style.
- Magnanimity – generosity.
- Ambition – pride.
- Patience – temper, calm.
- Friendliness – social IQ.
What is Plato’s virtue?
Like most other ancient philosophers, Plato maintains a virtue-based eudaemonistic conception of ethics. That is to say, happiness or well-being (eudaimonia) is the highest aim of moral thought and conduct, and the virtues (aretê: ‘excellence’) are the requisite skills and dispositions needed to attain it.
What is the greatest virtue?
The Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato, regarded Temperance, wisdom, justice, and courage as the four most desirable character traits.
What is the highest virtue for Aristotle?
Prudence