What happens when caspase-3 is cleaved?
Caspase-3 is cleaved at an aspartate residue to yield a p12 and a p17 subunit to form the active caspase-3 enzyme [13]. Active caspase-3 degrades multiple cellular proteins and is responsible for morphological changes and DNA fragmentation in cells during apoptosis [9].
What does cleaved caspase mean?
Cleaved caspase-3 propagates an apoptotic signal through enzymatic activity on downstream targets, including poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and other substrates (2). In cell biology, caspase-3 antibodies that detect both uncleaved and cleaved versions of the enzyme are strong indicators of cell death induction.
What is cleaved caspase-3 a marker of?
This caspase is responsible for the majority of proteolysis during apoptosis, and detection of cleaved caspase-3 is therefore considered a reliable marker for cells that are dying, or have died by apoptosis.
What is cleaved caspase-8?
Cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp374) (18C8) Rabbit mAb detects human Caspase-8 when cleaved at Asp374. This antibody will detect cleavage products containing the pro-domain with the p18 subunit as well as the p18 subunit alone. A band of unknown origin is detected at 25 kDa in some cell lines.
How does caspase-3 induce apoptosis?
Caspase-3 is known as an executioner caspase in apoptosis because of its role in coordinating the destruction of cellular structures such as DNA fragmentation or degradation of cytoskeletal proteins (1). The activity of caspase-3 is tightly regulated and it is produced as zymogen in an inactive pro-form (1).
Where do caspases cleave?
Cleavage. Once appropriately dimerised, the Caspases cleave at inter domain linker regions, forming a large and small subunit. This cleavage allows the active-site loops to take up a conformation favourable for enzymatic activity.
What activates caspase?
All caspases are synthesized in cells as catalytically inactive zymogens, and must undergo an activation process. The activation of an effector caspase, such as caspase-3 or -7, is performed by an initiator caspase, such as caspase-9, through an internal cleavage to separate the large and small subunits.
Is the caspase-3 an antibody?
Caspase-3 is synthesized as inactive 32 kDa proenzyme and is processed during apoptosis generating two subunits of 17 kDa and 12 kDa. Caspase-3 stains the epithelial cells of skin, renal proximal tubules and collecting ducts. This antibody reacts with the 32 kDa proenzyme and the 17 kDa active form of caspase 3.
How are caspases cleaved?
How does caspase-8 induce apoptosis?
Apoptosis occurs through a tightly regulated cascade of caspase activation. In the context of extrinsic apoptosis, caspase-8 is activated by dimerization inside a death receptor complex, cleaved by auto-proteolysis and subsequently released into the cytosol.