What is chemical injection in EOR?
Chemical EOR methods increase oil recovery by increasing the effectiveness of water injected into the reservoir to displace the oil. Dependent on the type of chemical EOR process, chemicals injected with the water slug alter the fluid–fluid and/or fluid–rock interaction in the reservoir.
What is chemical flooding?
A Introduction. Chemical flooding relies on the addition of one or more chemical compounds to an injected fluid either to reduce the interfacial tension between the reservoir oil and the injected fluid or to improve the sweep efficiency of the injected fluid.
What is Hpam polymer?
Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) These polymers are manufactured in a variety of ways to yield a wide range of physical and chemical properties that make them candidates for many different oilfield applications. Polyacrylamides are made through the polymerization of acrylamide monomers (Gao,1987; Foshee et al.,1976).
What is surfactant flooding?
Surfactant flooding is an important technique used in enhanced oil recovery to reduce the amount of oil in pore space of matrix rock. Surfactants are injected to mobilize residual oil by lowering the interfacial tension between oil and water and/or by the wettability alteration from oil-wet to water-wet.
What is chemical injection?
Chemical injection is a process whereby secondary chemical solution is added to the primary process flow to improve the primary fluid quality or to enhance the flow of primary fluid. This process helps in the improvement in the production capacity, efficiency and reduction in the downtime.
What happens to CO2 after EOR?
In CO2 EOR projects, all of the injected CO2 either remains sequestered underground or is produced and re-injected in a subsequent project, making the notion of using captured anthropogenic CO2 for EOR in places far removed from natural sources of CO2 a likely possibility.
What is gas injection in oil and gas?
Gas Injection is an enhanced oil recovery method. Inert gases, typically nitrogen or carbon dioxide get pumped into an injection well. This creates higher pressure that filters through the reservoir formation and pushes hydrocarbons out from low pressure, or isolated areas.
What is micellar flooding?
Micellar-polymer (MP) flooding involves injection of micelle and polymer to the aqueous phase to reduce interfacial tension and polymer is added to control the mobility of the solution, which helps in increasing both displacement and volumetric sweep efficiency and thereby leads to enhanced oil recovery.
What is partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide?
Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) is a widely used polymer in the oil and gas industry due to its lesser cost and good water solubility. PHPA is used as a functional additive in water-based drilling fluids. The PHPA mud system stabilizes shale formations and influences cuttings and wellbore stability.
What is ASP flooding?
Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flooding is an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique usually performed as a supplement to water-flooding. ASP is a modified form of Surfactant-Polymer (SP) flooding.
What is IFT in surfactant?
Surfactants are known as interfacial tension (IFT) reducer additives in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process. The use of chemical surfactants has always been a challenge due to the high cost of materials and sometimes non-compliance with the environment.