What is nuchal torus?
Nuchal torus. A thickened bar of bone above the attachment area of the neck muscles, on the back of the cranium.
Why do I have an occipital bun?
A study conducted by Lieberman, Pearson and Mowbray provides evidence that individuals with narrow heads (dolichocephalic) or narrow cranial bases and relatively large brains are more likely to have occipital buns as a means of resolving a spatial packing problem.
Is occipital bun normal?
Occipital spurs, also called as occipital knob, occipital bun, chignon or inion hook, is an exaggerated external occipital protuberance (EOP). It is frequently discussed in anthropological literature as a Neanderthal trait but hardly reported and considered as a normal variant in medical literature.
Does everyone have an occipital bun?
There are still many human populations which often exhibit occipital buns. A greater proportion of early modern Europeans had them, but prominent occipital buns even among Europeans are now relatively infrequent. They are still found fairly often among Basque, Lapp and Finn individuals.
Which primates have a nuchal crest?
First, apes tend to have prominent temporal and nuchal crests (although these features may be reduced in females of all species, or in bonobo males) that result from large chewing muscles and neck muscles (the latter important in maintaining head posture in a quadrupedal position) attaching to a relatively small …
What is Supraorbital torus?
browridge, also called supraorbital torus, bony ridge over the eye sockets (orbits). Browridges are massive in gorillas and chimpanzees and are also well developed in extinct hominids. They are more prominent in males than in females.
Can occipital bun grow?
A 2017 paper published in the BMJ notes that an occipital growth is normal, though sometimes painful, and “often presents in late adolescence due to the growth spurts.” Bone spurs can also pop up all over the body, literally from head to toe.
Did Neanderthals have an occipital bun?
The occipital bun (“chignon”) is cited widely as a Neanderthal derived trait. It encompasses the posterior projection/convexity of the occipital squama and is associated with lambdoid flattening on the parietal.
What is the lump on the back of my skull?
In addition, each human skull has a natural bump on the back of the head. This bump, called an inion, marks the bottom of the skull where it attaches to the neck muscle.
What are the two bumps at the base of the skull?
The growths are happening at a very particular spot of the skull: right at the lower back part of our heads we have a large plate known as the occipital bone, and towards its middle is a slight bump called the external occipital protuberance (EOP), where some of the neck ligaments and muscles are attached.
Do gorillas have nuchal crest?
The crests are most powerfully developed in the gorilla, especially in males, where a nuchal crest may eventually become a uniform shelf of bone as much as 4 cm. wide.