What stimulates proliferation of lymphocytes?
Lymphocyte proliferation is defined as the process whereby lymphocytes begin to synthesize DNA after cross-linking of their antigen receptor either following recognition of antigen or stimulation by a polyclonal activator (mitogen).
What is the meaning of proliferation of lymphocytes?
Lymphocyte proliferation is the first step in a proper immune response to create effector lymphocytes, necessary to eliminate a current antigen, or memory lymphocytes, necessary to eliminate the same antigen the host may encounter in the future; this memory function insures that future responses to an antigen are …
What does a lymphocyte proliferation assay do?
Lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA) measures the ability of lymphocytes placed in short-term tissue culture to undergo a clonal proliferation when stimulated in vitro by a foreign molecule, antigen or mitogen.
What is the site of lymphocyte proliferation?
The term primary lymphoid tissue is used to describe sites of lymphocyte maturation, including the bone marrow and thymus. Secondary lymphoid tissues are sites of lymphocyte activation and proliferation. These include the spleen, lymph nodes, and MALT.
What does proliferation mean in immunology?
An increase in the number of cells as a result of cell growth and cell division.
What are lymphocytes and what do they do?
Lymphocyte A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. The B cells produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
Where do germinal centers occur?
Germinal centers develop in the B cell follicles of secondary lymphoid tissues during T cell-dependent (TD) antibody responses. The B cells that give rise to germinal centers initially have to be activated outside follicles, in the T cell-rich zones in association with interdigitating cells and T cell help.
Where are T and B lymphocytes located in lymph nodes and how is their anatomic separation maintained?
T and B cells leave the node via “efferent” lymphatic vessels, found in the central “medullary” region. All these structures are maintained by a network of fibrous non-lymphoid cells that can also actively influence immune responses.
How is lymphocyte proliferation measured?
The use of carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) to measure lymphocyte proliferation by flow cytometry has become one of the most widely utilised assays for assessing lymphocyte responses.